Traumaphor Associations
The abused substance is called
a traumaphor, since its use suggests similarities with
the archaic trauma. The second step in resolving the ingestive
disorder consists of exploring the client's behavioral,
affective, cognitive, sensate, and memorial associations
to the drug(s) of choice, or traumaphor(s), placed in
an "empty chair." ACT Treatment adapts Gestalt
communication technique for an analytic purpose. The client
is asked to visualize the drug of choice in a factually
empty chair, and the therapist facilitates an exploration
through a structured protocol. This protocol reveals what
emotions the client is regulating by means of the abused
substance and what emotions were directed against the
client by the abuser in the past. The protocol assists
the client in understanding the nature of his relationship
to the abused substance and how it recreated some prior
unresolved relationship. The traumaphor associations requires
about one-half hour to complete and prepares the client
for the third component of treatment, traumaphor focused
processing.
Traumaphor Focused Processing
The traumaphor is the key that
unlocks the neural network containing images, sensations,
cognitions, and affects relating to the archaic, unresolved
trauma. Traumaphor focused processing adapts the standard
protocol of EMDR (Shapiro, 1995) to treatment of ingestive
disorders. In this application, the client visualizes
the traumaphor and identifies a negative belief about
herself, an accompanying emotion, and physical sensations
associated with the emotion. The client is asked to hold
the image of the traumaphor, the emotion, the belief,
and the sensation, and with TABS facilitation, the archaic,
unresolved trauma is uncovered and resolved. Resolution,
which is also known as abreaction, involves confronting
the original traumatic situation, reexperiencing it, releasing
the bound affect, and achieving cognitive meaning. The
progress of resolution is tracked by client report through
a measure called Subjective Units of Disturbance (SUD).
As processing occurs, the level of disturbance of the
traumaphor decreases. When processing is completed, a
previously identified positive belief is installed using
TABS while the client holds the image of the traumaphor.
For example, one addict visualized a large bud of powerful
marijuana. At the beginning of processing, his negative
belief was "I am still fascinated by pot." This
was highly disturbing; SUD = 7. Following processing the
disturbance had decreased significantly. At this point
the positive belief, "I am free of fascination with
pot", was installed, using TABS to bring this to
complete validity.